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Related Concept Videos

Connective Tissue Fibers and Ground Substance01:17

Connective Tissue Fibers and Ground Substance

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One of the significant functions of connective tissue is connecting tissues and organs. Unlike epithelial tissue that is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. The matrix usually includes a large amount of extracellular material produced by the connective tissue cells that are embedded within it. It plays a significant role in the functioning of this tissue. The major component of the matrix is a...
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Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers01:48

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Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
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Bacterial and archaeal cells exhibit remarkable diversity in shape and structure, critical in their adaptability and functionality. Among bacteria, the most commonly observed shapes include cocci and bacilli. Cocci are spherical and may exist singly or in groupings such as pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), clusters (staphylococci), or tetrads. Bacilli, in contrast, are rod-shaped and can also occur as single cells, in pairs, or chains, depending on their environmental and genetic...
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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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Control System Problem

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In an open-loop system, such as a basic thermostat, the poles of the transfer function influence the system's response but do not determine its stability. However, when feedback is introduced to form a closed-loop system, such as an advanced thermostat that adjusts heating based on room temperature, stability is governed by the new poles of the closed-loop transfer function.
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Skeletal muscles comprise various fibers, each with distinct characteristics and roles in movement and stability. They are mainly categorized into three types — fast-twitch, slow-twitch, and intermediate.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Melt Electrospinning Writing of Three-dimensional Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds with Controllable Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications
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Fiber-Based Mini Tissue with Morphology-Controllable GelMA Microfibers.

Lei Shao1, Qing Gao1, Haiming Zhao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems and Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed morphology-controllable gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) microfibers using coaxial bioprinting. These versatile microfibers support cell growth and can form complex structures for tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:
GelMA microfibersblood vesselscoaxial bioprintingfiber-based tissue engineeringgelatin methacrylate (GelMA)

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Semi-automated Analysis of Mouse Skeletal Muscle Morphology and Fiber-type Composition
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Microscale fibers are crucial for nutrient diffusion and cell survival in tissue engineering.
  • Hydrogel microfibers need to mimic native tissue structure, provide a cell-favorable environment, and possess sufficient strength for functionalization.
  • Fabricating morphology-controllable microfibers is essential for mimicking the complexity of native tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop morphology-controllable gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) microfibers using a novel coaxial bioprinting method.
  • To create GelMA microfibers with diverse structures for mimicking native tissue complexity.
  • To assess the potential of these microfibers in fabricating functional mini tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) was used as the primary fiber material.
  • A novel coaxial bioprinting technique was employed to fabricate GelMA microfibers encapsulated in calcium alginate.
  • Microfiber morphology was controlled by adjusting flow rates and coaxial nozzle design, yielding straight, wavy, helical, Janus, multilayered, and double helix structures.

Main Results:

  • The coaxial bioprinting method successfully produced morphology-controllable GelMA microfibers.
  • Diverse microfiber structures, including complex geometries, were achieved by manipulating printing parameters.
  • Mini tissues were successfully constructed using these microfibers, with encapsulated human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells forming lumen-like structures resembling blood vessels.

Conclusions:

  • The developed GelMA microfibers offer excellent cytocompatibility, structural diversity, and mechanical tunability.
  • These versatile microfibers show significant potential for advancing biomedical research and tissue engineering applications.
  • The ability to create complex microfiber architectures opens new avenues for fabricating functional mini tissues.