Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels
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Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

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The Role of BPIFA1 in Upper Airway Microbial Infections and Correlated Diseases

Yung-An Tsou1,2, Min-Che Tung3,4, Katherine A Alexander5

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan.

Biomed Research International
|September 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold containing family A, member 1 (BPIFA1) is a key innate immune protein in the upper airway. This review explores BPIFA1

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The mucosa forms the first line of immune defense against pathogens in the human upper aerodigestive tract.
  • Bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold containing family A, member 1 (BPIFA1) is an innate immune protein found in mucosal secretions and tissues.
  • BPIFA1 plays a crucial role in preventing viral and bacterial infections in the ear-nose-throat (ENT) region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the roles of BPIFA1 in the upper airway, focusing on the nasal cavity, sinus, and middle ear.
  • To discuss the history, identification, and tissue distribution of BPIFA1.
  • To examine the function and diagnostic potential of BPIFA1 in upper airway infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on BPIFA1.
  • Analysis of BPIFA1 distribution in various human tissues.
  • Evaluation of BPIFA1's functional mechanisms in innate immunity.

Main Results:

  • BPIFA1 is identified in mucosal fluids and submucosal tissues of the soft palate, lung, uvula, and nasal cavity.
  • BPIFA1 demonstrates critical functions in the innate immune response against upper airway pathogens.
  • The protein shows potential diagnostic value for infectious diseases affecting the upper airway.

Conclusions:

  • BPIFA1 is a significant component of the upper airway's innate immune defense system.
  • Understanding BPIFA1's roles can lead to improved diagnostics and therapeutics for ENT infections.
  • Further research into BPIFA1 is warranted to fully elucidate its clinical applications.

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