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Related Concept Videos

Heritability01:06

Heritability

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Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
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Longitudinal Research02:20

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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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Qualitative Analysis03:46

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For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
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Epigenetics, heritability and longitudinal analysis.

Haakon E Nustad1,2,3, Marcio Almeida4, Angelo J Canty5

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway.

BMC Genetics
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Longitudinal epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) reveal significant DNA methylation patterns following drug intervention. Quality control and new statistical methods are crucial for analyzing repeated epigenetic measurements over time.

Keywords:
BayesianDNA methylationEpigeneticsHeritabilityLinear mixed effect modelsRepeated measurementsVariance components

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Genomics
  • Statistical Genetics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Longitudinal data and repeated measurements in epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) offer valuable insights into epigenetics.
  • The GAW20 dataset provided a real-world resource for analyzing phenotypic and epigenetic data.
  • Analytical approaches focused on quality control, heritability estimation, and the impact of drug response on DNA methylation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize seven analytical approaches applied to the GAW20 dataset, addressing challenges in longitudinal EWAS.
  • To evaluate quality control methods for DNA methylation data.
  • To assess heritability estimates and the impact of fenofibrate treatment on DNA methylation and blood lipids.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the GAW20 real data set with longitudinal and repeated measurements.
  • Employed linear mixed effect (LME) models and generalized estimating equations (GEE) for analysis.
  • Investigated quality control, heritability estimation (Bayesian LME, variance-component LME), and drug response analysis (weighted gene coexpression network analysis).

Main Results:

  • Quality control identified significant differences in DNA methylation, potentially due to batch effects.
  • Heritability estimates were similar across pretreatment and posttreatment analyses.
  • Drug intervention with fenofibrate demonstrated strong epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns, with significant cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites identified and distinct coexpression modules detected.

Conclusions:

  • Quality control measures are essential for longitudinal EWAS with repeated measurements.
  • Heritability estimates between time points serve as a valuable QC metric for DNA methylation studies.
  • Drug interventions induce significant epigenome-wide changes, highlighting the need for advanced statistical methods to capture environmental contributions over time.