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Large outbreak of mumps virus genotype G among vaccinated students in Norway, 2015 to 2016

Lamprini Veneti1,2, Katrine Borgen1, Kaja Sverdrup Borge1

  • 1Division for Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.

Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin
|September 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

A 2015-2016 Norway mumps outbreak in vaccinated students revealed genotype G strains. Two measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine doses reduced hospitalization and severe outcomes, but protection against genotype G was suboptimal.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mumps outbreaks can occur in highly vaccinated populations.
  • The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, typically genotype A, is used globally.
  • Understanding vaccine effectiveness against circulating mumps genotypes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a large mumps outbreak in Norway among vaccinated students.
  • To determine the genotype of the mumps virus involved in the outbreak.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine during the outbreak.

Main Methods:

  • Case definition: clinical mumps infection notified between September 2015 and June 2016.
  • Laboratory confirmation and PCR-based genotyping of suspected cases.
  • Statistical analysis to compare outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.

Main Results:

  • 232 cases notified, predominantly in individuals aged 23 years; 61% were male.
  • 66 of 68 genotyped cases were identified as mumps genotype G.
  • Two MMR vaccine doses significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization (aRR: 0.14), orchitis (aRR: 0.21), and severe outcomes (aRR: 0.25).

Conclusions:

  • The mumps genotype G outbreak in vaccinated students suggests suboptimal protection from the current genotype A vaccine.
  • Maintaining high vaccination coverage and vaccinating unvaccinated individuals are recommended.
  • Further research into vaccine efficacy against diverse mumps genotypes is warranted.
Keywords:
Norwaygenotype Gmeasles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccinemumpsoutbreakstudents

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