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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
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Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs

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Circular RNAs in Cancer.

Susanne Lux1, Lars Bullinger2,3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|September 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abundant, conserved molecules with dynamic expression altered in cancer. These molecules may act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, offering potential as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
CancerCircRNAHematologic malignanciesMicroRNAOncogeneSolid tumorTumor suppressor

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Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently recognized class of RNA molecules.
  • They are highly abundant, conserved across species, and exhibit tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression.
  • Altered circRNA expression is observed in various cancers, suggesting a role in tumorigenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cancer-associated and cancer-specific circRNAs.
  • To focus on circRNAs with known oncogenic or tumor-suppressive potential in cancer.
  • To discuss the utility of circRNAs as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on circRNAs in cancer.
  • Analysis of circRNA expression patterns in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies.
  • Evaluation of the functional roles (oncogenic/tumor-suppressive) of specific circRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Identification of numerous cancer-associated and cancer-specific circRNAs.
  • Evidence supporting the oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions of certain circRNAs.
  • Demonstration of altered circRNA expression correlating with cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • CircRNAs play significant roles in cancer development and progression.
  • CircRNAs hold promise as valuable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • CircRNAs represent potential novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.