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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Current Treatment Options for Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Kimberly A Wong1, Runalia Bahar1, Chung H Liu2

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Clinics in Liver Disease
|September 28, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease. New therapies beyond ursodeoxycholic acid are emerging for patients with inadequate response, offering improved treatment options.

Keywords:
Autoimmune liver diseaseBile acidsFarnesoid X receptorTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive autoimmune liver disease affecting interlobular bile ducts.
  • It can lead to hepatocyte damage, cirrhosis, and liver failure.
  • Ursodeoxycholic acid is the only approved treatment, but 40% of patients show an inadequate response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging treatment options for primary biliary cholangitis.
  • To highlight the limitations of existing therapies and the need for alternatives.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of primary biliary cholangitis treatments.
  • Analysis of approved and off-label therapeutic options.
  • Discussion of novel therapies in development.

Main Results:

  • Ursodeoxycholic acid is the standard first-line therapy.
  • Obeticholic acid is approved as an add-on therapy for non-responders.
  • Fibrates show efficacy in off-label use.
  • Multiple new agents are under investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Significant unmet needs exist for primary biliary cholangitis patients.
  • Obeticholic acid and fibrates offer additional therapeutic avenues.
  • Ongoing research promises expanded treatment options for PBC.