Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026
Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis
Published on: November 8, 2024
Research Protocol to Evaluate the Effects of Alcohol Policy Changes in Lithuania
J Rehm1,2,3,4,5,6, M Štelemekas7,8, R Badaras9,10
1Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Aims:
To point out the importance for public health to evaluate the past policy changes (2016-2018) in Lithuania. To present a research protocol to conduct this evaluation.
Short Summary:
The staggered implementation of key alcohol policies in Lithuania over the past two years offers the possibility to evaluate 'best buys' for alcohol policies for this country. Lithuania is the only country where all 'best buys' were implemented over a short period of time, so this evaluation will be unique.
Methods:
Quasi-experimental design based on interrupted time-series analysis of monthly routine statistics of morbidity and mortality indicators as well as key variables on the pathway between alcohol exposure and health outcomes.
Conclusions:
For the public health community, results of the evaluation of these policy changes will be of critical importance.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:37Oxidation of Alcohols
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
02:29Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
02:31Protection of Alcohols
Protection
It defines a protecting group as the masking agent to make the more reactive species inert to a given set of conditions. This concept is depicted via the illustration of liquid flow through different outlets in an assembly of pipes. The analogy helps to understand the role...
02:19Buffer Effectiveness
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
01:38Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions
Alcohols can be synthesized from alkyl halides via nucleophilic substitution reactions. The highly polar carbon-halogen bond in the substrate makes halide a good leaving group. The hydroxide ion or water can act as a nucleophile to take the place of halide and form an alcohol. The substitution reactions occur via two different reaction pathways, SN1 or SN2, depending on the nature of carbon attached to the halide.
Primary alcohols are synthesized from primary alkyl halides, and the...
01:17Esters to Alcohols: Hydride Reductions
Lithium aluminum hydride is a source of hydride ions and functions as a nucleophile. The mechanism proceeds in three steps. Firstly, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the carbonyl group re-forms,...