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ZnO nanoparticles: recent advances in ecotoxicity and risk assessment
Jia Du1, Junhong Tang1, Shaodan Xu1
1Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
Abstract:
The widespread application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) has received increasing attention because of their potential risks to human health and the environment. This review summarizes the relationship between the toxic effects and physicochemical properties of nano-ZnO and the underlying toxicity mechanisms of nano-ZnO. This study presents the possible human health hazards posed by nano-ZnO exposure and the biotoxicity to bacteria, algae, higher plants, aquatic animals, terrestrial invertebrates and vertebrates in vitro and in vivo. The advances in research on the ecotoxicity of nano-ZnO and the potential risks to human health are discussed. Finally, the current research deficiencies in this area are identified, and recommendations for future research are proposed.
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