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Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models
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Localized low-dose rhBMP-2 is effective at promoting bone regeneration in mandibular segmental defects.
Patricia Carlisle1, Teja Guda2, David T Silliman1
1Department of Craniomaxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Dental and Trauma Research Detachment, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, 78234.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|September 29, 2018
Summary
Low-dose recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) effectively promotes bone regeneration in mandibular defects. This study found reduced complications, suggesting improved safety for craniomaxillofacial injuries.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) injuries represent a significant portion of battlefield wounds.
- Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) is utilized for CMF open fracture treatment, but associated complications exist.
- Investigating lower rhBMP-2 doses may enhance safety profiles for CMF fracture treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a reduced dose (30% recommended) of rhBMP-2 for treating mandibular fractures.
- To assess bone regeneration and inflammatory responses in a minipig model with segmental mandibular defects.
Main Methods:
- rhBMP-2 was delivered using a polyurethane (PUR) and hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (Mastergraft®) scaffold.
- Minipigs with 2 cm segmental mandibular defects were used, with bone regeneration analyzed via CT scans at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.
- Serum and drain effluent were analyzed for inflammatory marker concentrations.
Main Results:
- Complete bone bridging was observed in the PUR-Mastergraft® + rhBMP-2 group, versus incomplete bridging in controls.
- Volumetric analysis showed significantly more regenerated bone in the rhBMP-2 treated group from 4 to 12 weeks.
- Inflammatory markers varied locally in drain effluent and saliva but not serum, with no excessive increase in the rhBMP-2 group.
Conclusions:
- Low-dose rhBMP-2 delivered via a PUR-Mastergraft® scaffold significantly enhances bone regeneration in mandibular defects.
- The treatment restored bone quality without inducing excessive inflammatory responses, suggesting improved safety.
- These findings support the potential of low-dose rhBMP-2 as an efficacious and safer option for CMF open fracture treatment.
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