[Anemia in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Vichy Hospital center]
G Ntima1, B Bepouka1, V Tixier2
1Service de cardiologie, département de médecine interne, cliniques universitaires de Kinshasa, université de Kinshasa, BP 834, 11 Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo.
Insights
Anemia is common in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and linked to worse outcomes. This study found anemia independently increases the risk of death within 30 days following an ACS event.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a critical condition requiring thorough patient profiling.
- The co-occurrence of anemia in ACS patients necessitates understanding its clinical, epidemiological, and biological implications.
- Investigating anemia's impact on ACS prognosis is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the clinical, epidemiological, and biological characteristics of ACS patients with anemia.
- To identify determinants influencing hemoglobin levels in this patient cohort.
- To assess the prognostic impact of anemia on 30-day mortality in ACS patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective observational study was conducted at Vichy Hospital, France, including ACS patients from October 2015 to April 2016.
- Anemia was defined per WHO criteria (men <13 g/dL, women <12 g/dL).
- Multivariate regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with hemoglobin levels and 30-day mortality.
Main Results:
- Of 251 ACS patients, 44.1% (105/238) had anemia, more prevalent in women.
- Anemic patients exhibited more comorbidities like hypertension, renal failure, and inflammatory syndrome, and experienced more complications.
- Anemia was independently associated with a significantly higher 30-day mortality risk (Odds Ratio 3.69, P=0.02).
Conclusions:
- Anemia is a frequent comorbidity in ACS patients, presenting a distinct clinical and biological profile.
- Anemia is an independent predictor of increased mortality within 30 days post-ACS.
- These findings underscore the importance of screening for and managing anemia in ACS patients.
Introduction:
Objectives were to determine the clinical, epidemiological and biological profile of the patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome and presenting the anaemia, the determinants of variation of the haemoglobin rate, and to estimate the impact of the anaemia on the prognosis of these patients.
Patients And Methods:
Retrospective and observational study conducted in the cardiology department of Vichy Hospital in France. All patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted from 31 of October 2015 to 30 of April 2016 were selected. The patients were followed for 1 month. The anaemia was defined by: less than 13g/dL in man and less than 12g/L in woman (WHO definition). Biological markers were taken at the admission. Factors associated to the haemoglobin rate were analysed by multivariate linear regression and those associated to the mortality within 30 days were analysed by logistic regression.
Results:
Among 251 included patients, there were 180 males and 71 females with the average age of 67 years. 94 patients had ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 116 had Non ST myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 41 had unstable angina. Haemoglobin value was known in 238 patient's, among whom 44.1% were anaemic (105/238). The anaemia was more frequent in women. The tobacco was less frequent; High blood pressure, renal failure, malnutrition, subclinical atherosclerosis, lower limb arteritis and the inflammatory syndrome were more frequent in patients with anaemia. They presented more complications. The age (P=0,003), the pulsed pressure (P=0,007), LVEF (P=0,005), the albumin (P=0,010), Creatine kinase (CK) level (P=0,048) and of CRP (P=0,011), were linear factors of variations of the haemoglobin rate (R2=0,955). Ten patients died during the follow-up. The multivariate analysis revealed the anaemia as independently associated with the mortality in 30 days (Odds Ratio 3,69; P=0,02).
Conclusion:
Anaemia is frequent in patients with an ACS, and it is associated with a particular clinical and biological profile. The patients with anaemia have a mortality rate in 30 days higher than the patients without anaemia.
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