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Lampbrush Chromosomes

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...

Light Acquisition

Light Acquisition

In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Electrophysiological Recordings from the Giant Fiber Pathway of D. melanogaster

Electrophysiological Recordings from the Giant Fiber Pathway of D. melanogaster

Published on: January 14, 2011

Giant Pneumopericardium

Till Ploenes¹, Clemens Aigner¹

¹Department of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Endoscopy, University Medical Center Essen - Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery

|September 30, 2018

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

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