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Early Developmental Trajectories of Functional Connectivity Along the Visual Pathways in Rhesus Monkeys.

Z Kovacs-Balint¹, E Feczko^1,2,3, M Pincus¹

¹Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|October 2, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early social interactions guide infant rhesus monkey brain development. Visual pathways mature selectively in the first three months, supporting social engagement and independence.

Keywords:

macaque neurodevelopment resting state functional MRI social visual engagement

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience
Primate Models

Background:

Early social interactions are crucial for social behavior development.
Critical periods and neurodevelopmental processes are not fully understood.
Visual social engagement pathways require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate developmental changes in neural pathways for visual social engagement.
To examine functional connectivity (FC) changes in infant rhesus monkeys.
To understand the impact of early life on visual pathway maturation.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) in infant rhesus monkeys (birth to 3 months).
Studied functional connectivity (FC) in ventral object/motion and dorsal attention/visuo-spatial pathways.
Analyzed developmental changes across different visual processing areas.

Main Results:

Visual pathway maturation shows a caudo-rostral progression.
Primary visual areas (V1-V3) exhibit strong FC early; higher-order areas show weaker FC.
Pathway-specific functional changes observed, with robust FC increases in the anterior object pathway (TE-AMY).
FC maturation is similar in both hemispheres.
Weak FC persisted in certain pathways (e.g., AST-AMY).

Conclusions:

Visual pathways in infant macaques undergo selective remodeling in the first three months.
This remodeling is likely influenced by early social interactions.
Maturation supports the transition to maternal independence and social engagement.