Two cases of subcutaneous dirofilariasis in Barcelona, Spain

In recent years, the number of reported cases of human dirofilariasis in Europe has increased and the circulation of Dirofilaria spp. in mosquitoes in several European countries has been proven. We report here two likely autochthonous cases of subcutaneous human dirofilariasis from Barcelona, Spain, caused by Dirofilaria repens. The potential for an increase in human infection is high given the number of cases published recently and the ability of vectors to spread through the Mediterranean basin.