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Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Breast Cancer: Efficacy and Complication in Developing Countries.

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Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for breast cancer in Sudan showed a 42% complication rate, with paresthesia and seroma most common. Lymphedema prevalence was low, indicating ALND

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is a standard procedure in breast cancer treatment for staging and prognosis.
  • Concerns exist regarding ALND's complications, with limited data from Sudan.
  • This study addresses the need for local data on ALND efficacy and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of ALND in breast cancer patients in Sudan.
  • To assess the incidence and types of complications following ALND.
  • To provide data on ALND outcomes in a Sudanese population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, hospital-based study of 96 breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery with ALND.
  • Efficacy defined by retrieval of ≥10 lymph nodes.
  • Complications assessed objectively and subjectively.

Main Results:

  • 42% of patients (40/96) experienced post-ALND complications.
  • Most common complications included paresthesia (21.9%), seroma (15.6%), and lymphedema (9.4%).
  • 81.3% of patients had ≥10 lymph nodes retrieved; 62.5% had nodal metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • ALND in Sudan is associated with a 42% complication rate, primarily paresthesia and seroma.
  • Lymphedema incidence was relatively low compared to other complications.
  • The findings highlight the importance of monitoring ALND complications in this region.