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Association between Gestational Weight Gain Adequacy and Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes

Han-Yang Chen1, Suneet P Chauhan1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.

American Journal of Perinatology
|October 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) increases risks for maternal and neonatal morbidity. Inadequate GWG is linked to higher neonatal and infant mortality rates, highlighting the importance of appropriate GWG for better pregnancy outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations aim to optimize maternal and infant health.
  • Assessing GWG adequacy is crucial for identifying at-risk pregnancies.
  • Previous studies have explored GWG but require stratification by prepregnancy BMI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of adequate GWG based on 2009 guidelines.
  • To analyze the association between GWG adequacy and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
  • To stratify these associations by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing U.S. linked birth/infant death datasets (2011-2013).
  • Included nonanomalous singleton live births (37-41 weeks gestation).
  • Multivariable Poisson regression models assessed associations between GWG adequacy and composite maternal morbidity (CMM), composite neonatal morbidity (CNM), and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence: 20% inadequate GWG, 32% adequate GWG, 48% excessive GWG.
  • Excessive GWG correlated with increased risk of CMM (1.10) and CNM (1.12).
  • Inadequate GWG correlated with increased risk of neonatal mortality (1.14) and infant mortality (1.12).

Conclusions:

  • Excessive GWG is linked to higher risks of maternal and neonatal morbidity.
  • Inadequate GWG is associated with increased neonatal and infant mortality.
  • GWG adequacy is a significant factor influencing adverse pregnancy outcomes across BMI categories.
Abstract

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