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Sleep moderates the association between routines and emotion regulation for toddlers in poverty

Erika L Bocknek1, Patricia A Richardson2, Marion I van den Heuvel3

  • 1Department of Counseling Psychology.

Journal of Family Psychology : JFP : Journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)
|October 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Sufficient sleep is crucial for toddlers in poverty, as it enables family routines to support their emotion regulation. Without adequate sleep, family routines do not improve emotional control in these at-risk children.

Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Family routines are a resilience factor for at-risk children, supporting emotion regulation.
  • Inadequate sleep negatively impacts cognitive function and emotion regulation, especially in low-income children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the moderating effect of sleep on the relationship between family routines and emotion regulation in toddlers experiencing poverty.
  • To understand how sleep quality influences the benefits of family routines for emotional development in vulnerable toddlers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 130 toddlers (24-31 months) from low-income families.
  • Mothers completed the Child Routines Questionnaire (CRQ).
  • Toddler emotion regulation was assessed using the observed frustration task (Lab-TAB-Locomotor Version), controlling for respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and maternal emotion dysregulation (EDS).

Main Results:

  • Adequate sleep (over 11 hours) fully moderated the association between family routines and emotion regulation.
  • Family routines had no significant effect on emotion regulation in toddlers with insufficient sleep.
  • The findings held after controlling for toddler RSA and maternal emotion dysregulation.

Conclusions:

  • Sufficient sleep is essential for family routines to positively impact emotion regulation in toddlers from low-income backgrounds.
  • Family health interventions aimed at improving toddler emotion regulation could be enhanced by integrating sleep interventions or promoting sleep routines.

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