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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical marker of kidney function, reflecting the efficiency of filtration by the glomeruli. Renal clearance of specific substances, such as inulin or creatinine, is commonly used to measure GFR.
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Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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From a 2DE-Gel Spot to Protein Function: Lesson Learned From HS1 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
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Renal involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Rimda Wanchoo1, Carolina Bernabe Ramirez2, Jacqueline Barrientos2,3

  • 1Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck, NY, USA.

Clinical Kidney Journal
|October 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can cause kidney disease through direct infiltration or paraneoplastic syndromes. Novel therapies like venetoclax also pose nephrotoxicity risks, requiring careful management.

Keywords:
AKICLLinfiltrationleukemiaonconephrologyparaproteinemiavenetoclax

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a prevalent adult leukemia in Western countries.
  • Kidney disease is a significant comorbidity in CLL patients.
  • Novel targeted therapies are transforming CLL treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse kidney diseases associated with CLL.
  • To discuss kidney complications arising from CLL itself.
  • To examine nephrotoxicities linked to emerging CLL therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of kidney diseases in CLL.
  • Analysis of direct CLL manifestations affecting kidneys.
  • Evaluation of treatment-related kidney complications.

Main Results:

  • CLL can lead to acute kidney injury, glomerular diseases, and obstruction.
  • Tumor lysis syndrome is a notable complication of novel agents.
  • Venetoclax and obinutuzumab are associated with significant nephrotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Kidney disease is multifactorial in CLL, encompassing disease-related and treatment-related causes.
  • Understanding these nephrotoxicities is crucial for managing CLL patients.
  • Close monitoring for renal complications is essential during CLL therapy.