Relevance, pathogenesis and clinical implications of thyroid disorders in children with celiac disease

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Gastroenterology
• Endocrinology
• Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

• Celiac disease is a common chronic small bowel inflammation.
• Thyroid disorders are prevalent autoimmune comorbidities in celiac disease patients, including children.
• Current guidelines lack specific recommendations for managing thyroid issues in pediatric celiac disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current literature on the epidemiology and clinical significance of thyroid disorders in children with celiac disease.
• To explore the pathophysiologic links between celiac disease and thyroid conditions.
• To provide clinical recommendations for managing these comorbidities in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies focusing on pediatric celiac disease and associated thyroid disorders.
• Discussion of underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms.
• Formulation of clinical recommendations based on evidence and expert opinion.

Main Results:

• Thyroid disorders are significantly prevalent in children with celiac disease.
• The exact epidemiology and clinical impact require further elucidation.
• Pathophysiologic connections involve shared autoimmune mechanisms.

Conclusions:

• Routine laboratory thyroid screening is recommended for children diagnosed with celiac disease.
• Echographic thyroid evaluation may be beneficial as a follow-up measure.
• This approach aims to improve the comprehensive care of pediatric celiac disease patients.