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Related Concept Videos

Pulse01:16

Pulse

2.1K
When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
2.1K
Pulse01:05

Pulse

3.8K
The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
3.8K
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

1.8K
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
1.8K
Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

1.4K
Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
1.4K
Regulation of Pulse01:20

Regulation of Pulse

2.3K
Pulse regulation involves physiological mechanisms that ensure adequate blood flow throughout the body. The heartbeat, regulated by the autonomic nervous system, is influenced by hormonal balance, physical activity, and emotional state.
2.3K
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

1.4K
Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
1.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Dependence of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Results on Pulse Energies and Timing Parameters Using Soil Simulants
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Dependence of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Results on Pulse Energies and Timing Parameters Using Soil Simulants

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[Comparative Study on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Based on Single Pulse and Re-Heating Orthogonal Dual

Yang Yu, Nan-jing Zhao, Li Fang

    Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi = Guang Pu
    |October 7, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Re-heating orthogonal dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) significantly enhances detection sensitivity and spectral characteristics. This technique improves signal-to-background ratios and reduces the limit of detection for heavy metals like chromium.

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    Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
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    Area of Science:

    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy
    • Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

    Background:

    • Improving the detection sensitivity and spectral characteristics of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is crucial for accurate elemental analysis.
    • Traditional single-pulse LIBS often faces limitations in sensitivity and signal quality, especially for trace elements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effectiveness of a re-heating orthogonal dual-pulse configuration in enhancing LIBS performance.
    • To analyze the impact of dual-pulse parameters, specifically the time interval, on spectral intensity and signal-to-background ratio (SBR).
    • To evaluate the improvement in detection limits for heavy metals, such as chromium, using this advanced LIBS technique.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a re-heating orthogonal dual-pulse LIBS setup to analyze samples containing iron (Fe), lead (Pb), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg).
    • Investigated the relationship between spectral intensity, SBR, and the time interval between the two laser pulses.
    • Compared spectral intensity, plasma temperature, electron density, and detection limits under single-pulse and dual-pulse conditions.

    Main Results:

    • The optimal time interval for the dual laser pulses was determined to be 1.0 μs.
    • Dual-pulse configuration resulted in enhancement factors of 2.23-2.42 for characteristic spectral lines and improved SBR.
    • Plasma temperature increased by up to 730 K and electron density by 1.8×10^16 cm⁻³, while the detection limit for chromium was reduced by approximately two times (from 38 to 20 μg·g⁻¹).

    Conclusions:

    • The re-heating orthogonal dual-pulse LIBS technique significantly enhances spectral intensity and signal-to-background ratios.
    • This method effectively prolongs spectral intensity decay time and improves overall detection sensitivity.
    • The dual-pulse approach offers a valuable method for reducing elemental detection limits, particularly for heavy metals in environmental samples.