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Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice
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Spatial object recognition memory formation under acute stress.

Pamela Lopes da Cunha1,2, Maria Eugenia Villar1,2, Fabricio Ballarini1,2

  • 1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

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|October 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute stress after weak learning enhances long-term memory (LTM) formation in rats by activating specific brain pathways. However, stress after strong learning impairs LTM, highlighting stress timing

Keywords:
elevated platformhippocampuslong-term memoryspatial object recognitionsynaptic tagging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Stress significantly impacts memory consolidation and retrieval.
  • The timing of stress relative to learning is crucial for its effects on memory.
  • Understanding stress-induced memory modulation is key to addressing cognitive disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the precise effects of acute stress timing on spatial object recognition long-term memory (SOR-LTM) formation in rats.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular and neural mechanisms involved in stress-modulated memory.
  • To explore the impact of stress on both memory formation and potential interference.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent spatial object recognition (SOR) training of varying strengths.
  • An acute stressor (elevated platform [EP] session) was administered at different time points relative to training.
  • Pharmacological manipulations targeted glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, and protein synthesis inhibitors were used.
  • Behavioral assays assessed short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) formation.

Main Results:

  • Acute stress 1 hour after weak SOR training significantly promoted SOR-LTM formation.
  • This memory enhancement was dependent on glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor activation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and protein synthesis in the dorsal hippocampus.
  • Conversely, acute stress immediately after strong SOR training impaired SOR-LTM, likely due to resource interference.
  • Stress prior to training induced anterograde interference that was not reversed by open-field exposure.

Conclusions:

  • The timing of acute stress critically determines its effect on long-term memory consolidation, either enhancing or impairing it.
  • Stress-induced memory modulation involves specific hippocampal mechanisms including receptor activation, BDNF, and protein synthesis.
  • These findings offer insights into the complex interplay between stress and memory, potentially informing therapeutic strategies for memory-related conditions.