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JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
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Changes in temperature alter the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

Francisca C García1, Elvire Bestion2, Ruth Warfield2

  • 1Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, United Kingdom f.garcia-garcia@exeter.ac.uk g.yvon-durocher@exeter.ac.uk.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global warming and biodiversity loss threaten ecosystems. Higher temperatures require more species for stable ecosystem function due to altered species interactions and thermal tolerance.

Keywords:
biodiversityecosystem functionmicrobial ecologytraitswarming

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • Global warming and biodiversity loss are major threats to ecosystem integrity.
  • These factors are often studied in isolation, overlooking synergistic effects on ecosystem functioning.
  • Understanding the interplay between temperature and biodiversity is crucial for predicting ecosystem responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how temperature changes influence the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
  • To explore the mechanisms driving these changes, focusing on species' thermal tolerance and interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-throughput experiments with microbial communities.
  • Manipulated temperature conditions to assess impacts on biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships.
  • Analyzed changes in the diversity-functioning exponent and the role of complementarity.

Main Results:

  • Temperature changes systematically altered the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship.
  • Increased temperatures necessitated a greater number of species to maintain ecosystem functioning (higher diversity-functioning exponent).
  • This was driven by increased likelihood of including species with suitable thermal traits and enhanced complementarity at extreme temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Biodiversity loss combined with environmental warming can lead to sharp declines in ecosystem function.
  • Species' thermal tolerance traits and inter-species interactions are critical mediators of temperature impacts.
  • Future ecosystem stability depends on considering both biodiversity and climate change concurrently.