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Thyroid function in Down syndrome.

Lorenzo Iughetti1, Laura Lucaccioni1, Francesco Fugetto1

  • 1a 1 Department of Medical and Surgical sciences of Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo no 71, 41124, Modena, Italy.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|October 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This review explores the current understanding of this association and potential contributing factors.

Keywords:
Down syndromeautoimmunityhyperthyroidismhypothyroidismthyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Down syndrome (DS) is a common chromosomal disorder.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is frequently observed in individuals with DS.
  • This includes both hypothyroidism (congenital and acquired) and hyperthyroidism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on the association between Down syndrome and thyroid dysfunction.
  • To explore potential genetic and autoimmune factors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies.
  • Analysis of reported cases and epidemiological data.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with DS exhibit a significant predisposition to thyroid disorders.
  • Autoimmune thyroid diseases are particularly prevalent in this population.
  • The exact causal mechanisms require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is a critical comorbidity in Down syndrome.
  • Genetic and autoimmune factors likely play a role, but their interplay is complex.
  • Regular thyroid monitoring is essential for individuals with DS.