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Maternal Thyroid Function During Pregnancy or Neonatal Thyroid Function and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:

Samantha S M Drover1, Gro D Villanger2, Heidi Aase2

  • 1From the Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|October 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Thyroid hormone disruption in mothers or newborns may be linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). More research is needed to confirm the association between thyroid function and ADHD in children.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurobehavioral disorder with an unclear cause.
  • Thyroid hormone disruption, particularly during early development, is a potential contributing factor to ADHD.
  • Maternal thyroid dysfunction and congenital hypothyroidism are linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the existing literature on the association between maternal or neonatal thyroid hormones and ADHD diagnosis or symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (Embase, Pubmed, Cinahl, PsycInfo, ERIC, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science) up to April 2018.
  • Eligible articles included studies on maternal thyroid hormones, early-treated congenital hypothyroidism, and neonatal thyroid hormones in relation to ADHD.

Main Results:

  • The review identified 28 eligible articles.
  • Moderate evidence suggests an association between maternal thyroid hormone levels and offspring ADHD.
  • Some evidence links early-treated congenital hypothyroidism to ADHD, while evidence for neonatal thyroid hormones is limited.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal thyroid function and potentially early-treated congenital hypothyroidism are associated with ADHD.
  • Study limitations, including variations in measuring thyroid hormones and ADHD, necessitate further research.
  • Future studies should employ population-based designs, address measurement issues, consider covariates like iodine intake, and explore nonlinear dose-responses.
Abstract

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