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Mechanical vibrators are instrumental in compacting newly poured concrete within formwork and around reinforcements. This process is essential to eliminate trapped air pockets and establish a dense concrete mass. One widely used method is vibrating by internal vibrators, often referred to as a poker vibrator or immersion vibrator. It is rapidly inserted through the full depth of the freshly laid concrete and slightly extends into the layer below it (which remains in a plastic state). Consistent...
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Protocol for assembling micro- and nanoparticles in a viscous liquid above a vibrating plate.

Soheila Shabaniverki1, Sarah Thorud1, Jaime J Juárez1

  • 1Iowa State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2529 Union Drive, Ames, IA, United States.

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|October 11, 2018
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Summary

A vibrating plate efficiently assembles micro- and nanoparticles in viscous liquids. This cost-effective method enables large-scale, directed assembly without microfabrication, creating ordered structures on a substrate.

Keywords:
AcoustophoresisColloidsDirected assemblyProtocol for assembling micro- and nanoparticles in a viscous liquid above a vibrating plate

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Directed assembly of micro- and nanoparticles is crucial for advanced materials and devices.
  • Existing methods can be costly, time-consuming, or limited in scale.
  • High-throughput, large-scale assembly techniques are needed for industrial applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a cost-effective, large-scale directed assembly technique using a vibrating plate.
  • To investigate the assembly mechanisms of micro- and nanoparticles in viscous liquids.
  • To analyze the interplay between acoustic forces and fluid dynamics in particle transport.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a vibrating plate to drive the assembly of glass bead microparticles and iron oxide nanoparticles.
  • Performed experiments in a viscous liquid (water) over a 6400 mm² area.
  • Employed scaling analysis and numerical solutions of the 2D wave equation to model particle behavior.

Main Results:

  • Vibration successfully drove the assembly of both microparticles and nanoparticles.
  • Observed distinct migration patterns: microparticles moved to displacement anti-nodes, nanoparticles to displacement nodes.
  • Experimental results showed good agreement with the 2D wave equation model.

Conclusions:

  • Vibrating plate assembly is a scalable and cost-effective directed assembly method.
  • Particle migration is governed by a competition between acoustic radiation force and vibration-induced fluid flow.
  • This technique facilitates the creation of heterogeneously ordered structures on a large scale.