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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
Published on: September 7, 2022
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[Common causes of infectious mononucleosis]
Alexis Dumoulin1, Myriam Eyer1
1Service des maladies infectieuses, Institut Central des Hôpitaux, Hôpital du Valais, Avenue du Grand-Champsec 86, 1950 Sion.
Revue Medicale Suisse
|October 12, 2018
Summary
Most infectious mononucleosis cases stem from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, rare causes like Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasma gondii, and HIV require consideration for accurate diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Infectious mononucleosis is commonly caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
- Other pathogens like Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasma gondii, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can present with similar symptoms.
- Congenital infections with CMV and T. gondii can lead to severe outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review common and rare causes of infectious mononucleosis.
- To discuss diagnostic approaches for these infections.
- To highlight challenges in laboratory diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of infectious mononucleosis etiologies.
- Summary of diagnostic methods, including antibody and antigen detection.
- Discussion of diagnostic interpretation issues.
Main Results:
- EBV is the most frequent cause of infectious mononucleosis.
- CMV, T. gondii, and acute HIV infection are important differential diagnoses.
- Laboratory markers can be persistent or show cross-reactivity, complicating diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis requires considering EBV and other potential pathogens.
- Understanding diagnostic limitations is crucial for appropriate patient management.
- Timely and correct laboratory diagnosis is essential for managing these infections.
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