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Related Concept Videos

Structure of Blood Vessels01:15

Structure of Blood Vessels

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Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...
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Anatomy of Blood Vessels01:20

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

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The vascular system, an integral part of the circulatory system, comprises various blood vessels that play crucial roles in maintaining the body's homeostasis. These blood vessels form a complex and efficient circulatory network. The three primary categories of blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Arteries
Arteries circulate oxygenated blood from the heart, except the pulmonary artery, which transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Large arteries, such as the aorta,...
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Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

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The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
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Overview of Blood Vessels01:14

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The human cardiovascular system comprises five primary types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, and capillaries, each serving unique functions.
Arteries and Arterioles: Arteries are muscular and elastic vessels that primarily carry oxygenated blood from the heart to body tissues, except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood. They have thick walls to withstand high pressure and contain a layer of muscle tissue, allowing them to expand or contract as...
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation- ChIP02:36

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation- ChIP

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Chromatin immunoprecipitation, or ChIP, is an antibody-based technique used to identify sites on DNA that bind to transcription factors of interest or histone proteins. It also helps determine the type of histone modifications such as acetylation, phosphorylation, or methylation.
Types of ChIP
ChIP can be divided into two types - X-ChIP and N-ChIP. X-ChIP involves in vivo cross-linking of histones and regulatory proteins to DNA, fragmenting the DNA by sonication, and isolating the protein-DNA...
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Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

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Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Use of Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips for Compartmentalizing Primary Murine Neurons
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Vessel-on-a-chip with Hydrogel-based Microfluidics.

Jing Nie1,2, Qing Gao1,2, Yidong Wang3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method for creating hydrogel microfluidic chips. This technique enables the fabrication of complex, in vivo-relevant tissue models for applications in regenerative medicine and drug discovery.

Keywords:
channel-embedded hydrogelhydrogel-based biofluidicsmicrofluidic chipsorgan-on-a-chipvascularization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Hydrogel microchannels are crucial for in vitro tissue and organ models.
  • Existing microfabrication methods are unsuitable for hydrogel handling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel method for fabricating hydrogel-based microfluidic chips.
  • To develop a versatile and biocompatible platform for vascularized tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Combined casting and bonding processes for hydrogel chip fabrication.
  • Employed a dual cross-linking strategy for robust hydrogel interfaces.
  • Utilized gelatin and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) for optimal biocompatibility.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated complex hydrogel structures with various channel designs.
  • Demonstrated that GelMA hydrogels promote cell functionalization and biocompatibility.
  • Established a functional vessel-on-a-chip system modeling physiological and pathological conditions.

Conclusions:

  • A facile, cytocompatible method for engineering user-defined hydrogel chips was developed.
  • The platform shows promise for creating vascularized tissue or organ models.
  • This approach supports investigations in vascularization, inflammation, and drug development.