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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
Published on: April 11, 2019
Clozapine-Associated Aspiration During Electroconvulsive Therapy
Stephen R Estime1, Sheri M Berg1, Michael E Henry2
1From the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, and.
Abstract:
Clozapine-induced gastric hypomotility (CIGH) is an underreported, underrecognized effect from high-dose clozapine. In this report, we present a patient with treatment refractory schizophrenia receiving high-dose clozapine who aspirated during general anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of aspiration under general anesthesia as a result of CIGH and highlights the potential dangers high-dose clozapine can pose on patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy with unrecognized CIGH.
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