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Neuronal specification in space and time.

Isabel Holguera1, Claude Desplan2,3

  • 1Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 13, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding neuronal diversity is key to deciphering how functional circuits form. Conserved developmental programs involving transcription factors and spatial cues guide neuron specification across species, with single-cell RNA profiling offering new insights.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neuronal diversity is crucial for functional circuit assembly.
  • Understanding the developmental programs that generate this diversity is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight conserved mechanisms of neuronal specification.
  • To describe how these mechanisms are employed in distinct neural structures.
  • To identify remaining questions in neuronal specification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of conserved developmental principles in neuronal specification.
  • Highlighting the roles of transcription factors and spatial cues.
  • Discussion of the potential of single-cell RNA profiling.

Main Results:

  • Common developmental principles of neuronal specification exist in invertebrates and vertebrates.
  • Cascades of transcription factors temporally pattern progenitors.
  • Spatial cues modify the outcomes of temporal patterning.

Conclusions:

  • Neuronal specification relies on conserved temporal and spatial patterning mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand neuronal specification.
  • Single-cell RNA profiling holds promise for characterizing neuronal diversity and developmental trajectories.