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Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure
Dimitris Tousoulis1, Evangelos Oikonomou1, Gerasimos Siasos1
11st Cardiology Department, University of Athens Medical School, "Hippokration" Hospital, Athens, Greece.
European Cardiology
|October 13, 2018
Summary
Diabetes mellitus and heart failure frequently coexist, with diabetes worsening heart failure through various mechanisms. This review examines their complex interaction and clinical implications.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus and heart failure are leading causes of morbidity and mortality.
- These conditions frequently coexist, indicating a significant pathophysiological link.
- Diabetes mellitus can precipitate or exacerbate heart failure through multiple pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent data on the interaction between diabetes mellitus and heart failure.
- To explore the mechanisms by which diabetes impacts heart failure.
- To provide an overview of clinical perspectives and treatment considerations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of epidemiological and prospective studies.
- Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms linking diabetes and heart failure.
- Synthesis of current clinical data and treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- Diabetes mellitus contributes to heart failure via advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, inflammation, calcium dysregulation, microRNA changes, and atherosclerosis.
- Heart failure can also impair glucose metabolism through incompletely understood mechanisms.
- Adverse interactions necessitate careful treatment considerations, with novel therapies for diabetic cardiomyopathy under investigation.
Conclusions:
- The interplay between diabetes mellitus and heart failure is complex and bidirectional.
- Understanding these interactions is crucial for effective clinical management.
- Further research is needed to elucidate remaining links and develop targeted therapies.
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