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Related Concept Videos

Absolute and Local Extreme Values01:22

Absolute and Local Extreme Values

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The highest and lowest values of a function, relative to a reference axis, are known as extreme values. These include absolute maximum and absolute minimum values, which represent the highest and lowest points the function reaches across its entire domain. Within a restricted portion of the function, the highest and lowest values are referred to as local maximum and local minimum values, respectively.Periodic functions, such as sine and cosine, show extreme values at infinitely many points due...
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Regression Toward the Mean01:52

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Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
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Specific Heat01:16

Specific Heat

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The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
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Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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Spontaneity02:21

Spontaneity

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A spontaneous process is one that occurs naturally under certain conditions. A nonspontaneous process, on the other hand, will not take place unless it is “driven” by the continual input of energy from an external source. Processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under a given set of conditions. Water will naturally flow downhill (spontaneous process), but uphill flow (nonspontaneous process) requires outside intervention such as the use of a pump. Iron exposed to...
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Measures of Central Tendency02:16

Measures of Central Tendency

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The "center" of a data set is also a way of describing location. The two most widely used measures of the "center" of the data are the mean (average) and the median. The words "mean" and "average" are often used interchangeably. The substitution of one word for the other is common practice. The technical term is "arithmetic mean" and "average" is technically a center location. However, in practice among non-statisticians,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Dual-mode Imaging of Cutaneous Tissue Oxygenation and Vascular Function
11:35

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Published on: December 8, 2010

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[Cutaneous metastases on the extremities].

H Martin1, M Mariano-Bourin1, L Antunes2

  • 1Service de dermatologie, CHRU Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|October 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Cutaneous metastases (CM) on extremities are rare but serious cancer complications. Early diagnosis of persistent skin lesions, especially with a cancer history, is crucial for patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Cutaneous metastasisExtremitiesExtrémitésFootHandMainsMétastases cutanéesPiedSoft tissuesTissus mous

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Cutaneous metastases (CM) on the extremities are uncommon cancer sequelae.
  • These lesions often mimic infections, complicating diagnosis.
  • CM on extremities carries a poor prognosis.

Observation:

  • A 71-year-old male with prior squamous-cell carcinoma presented with hand lesions resembling pyogenic granuloma.
  • Histopathology confirmed squamous-cell carcinoma metastasis.
  • A 68-year-old male, post-adenocarcinoma surgery, developed leg edema and foot lesions.
  • Histopathology revealed adenocarcinoma metastasis with osteolytic lesions and lymphadenopathy.

Findings:

  • Two cases of atypical cutaneous metastases on the extremities are presented.
  • Metastases were confirmed via histopathology in both cases.
  • Imaging revealed tumor progression and spread.

Implications:

  • Cutaneous metastases on extremities represent advanced cancer.
  • Variable clinical presentations necessitate high diagnostic suspicion.
  • Prompt recognition and diagnosis are vital for cancer management and prognosis.