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Acceleration of cancer science with genome editing and related technologies
Tetsushi Sakuma1, Takashi Yamamoto1
1Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Abstract:
Genome editing includes various edits of the genome, such as short insertions and deletions, substitutions, and chromosomal rearrangements including inversions, duplications, and translocations. These variations are based on single or multiple DNA double-strand break (DSB)-triggered in cellulo repair machineries. In addition to these "conventional" genome editing strategies, tools enabling customized, site-specific recognition of particular nucleic acid sequences have been coming into wider use; for example, single base editing without DSB introduction, epigenome editing with recruitment of epigenetic modifiers, transcriptome engineering using RNA editing systems, and in vitro detection of specific DNA and RNA sequences. In this review, we provide a quick overview of the current state of genome editing and related technologies that multilaterally contribute to cancer science.
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