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Short term surgical outcomes of Wilms tumour from a single institute

Umer Farooq1, Abid Quddus Qazi1, Awais Amjad Malik1

  • 1Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|October 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed 42 pediatric Wilms tumor cases in Pakistan, finding surgery is key. Most patients had favorable histology, highlighting the importance of surgical intervention for this common childhood cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Wilms tumour is the most frequent childhood solid tumor in Pakistan.
  • Developed nations report up to 98% long-term survival for Wilms tumour.
  • Pakistan lacks national data on Wilms tumour prevalence, treatment, and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics, surgical management, and outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with Wilms tumour at our institute.
  • To establish baseline data on Wilms tumour treatment and survival within Pakistan.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 42 patients with Wilms tumour operated between January 2014 and April 2016.
  • Data collected included presenting symptoms, surgical procedures (total nephrectomy vs. nephron-sparing surgery), operative details, and postoperative outcomes.
  • Histological analysis was performed on all resected specimens.

Main Results:

  • Abdominal mass (75%), pain (28%), and fever (19%) were the most common presenting symptoms.
  • 48 tumour resections were performed: 45 total nephrectomies and 3 nephron-sparing surgeries (NSS).
  • Ninety percent of patients exhibited favourable histology, with a mean tumour size of 102mm and weight of 433g. Mean hospital stay was 6.89 days, with 8 patients experiencing complications.

Conclusions:

  • Surgery is a critical component in the management of Wilms tumour.
  • Further national studies are needed to understand the full scope of Wilms tumour in Pakistan.
  • Improving surgical techniques and postoperative care can enhance outcomes for pediatric Wilms tumour patients.

Keywords:
Wilms tumour, Nephroblastoma, Wilms nephrectomy, nephron sparing surgery

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