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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

High-resolution Fiber-optic Microendoscopy for in situ Cellular Imaging
Published on: January 11, 2011
Fiber bundle shifting endomicroscopy for high-resolution imaging
Khushi Vyas1, Michael Hughes2, Bruno Gil Rosa1
1Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Abstract:
Flexible endomicroscopes commonly use coherent fiber bundles with high core densities to facilitate high-resolution in vivo imaging during endoscopic and minimally-invasive procedures. However, under-sampling due to the inter-core spacing limits the spatial resolution, making it difficult to resolve smaller cellular features. Here, we report a compact and rapid piezoelectric transducer (PZT) based bundle-shifting endomicroscopy system in which a super-resolution (SR) image is restored from multiple pixelation-limited images by computational means. A miniaturized PZT tube actuates the fiber bundle behind a GRIN micro-lens and a Delaunay triangulation based algorithm reconstructs an enhanced SR image. To enable real-time cellular-level imaging, imaging is performed using a line-scan confocal laser endomicroscope system with a raw frame rate of 120 fps, delivering up to 2 times spatial resolution improvement for a field of view of 350 µm at a net frame rate of 30 fps. The resolution enhancement is confirmed using resolution phantoms and ex vivo fluorescence endomicroscopy imaging of human breast specimens is demonstrated.
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