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Summary

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) offer precise temperature sensing for molecular imaging. Pulsed excitation at 800/980 nm enables sensitive, localized thermal measurements without significant sample heating, proving UCNPs

Keywords:
800 nm980 nmDNA denaturationlocal thermal heatingpulsed excitationupconversion thermal sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Optical Imaging

Background:

  • Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are utilized for sensitive, high-resolution local temperature measurements.
  • Conventional continuous wave (CW) infrared excitation for UCNPs can cause localized thermal heating, limiting applications.
  • The impact of pulsed excitation and higher intensities on UCNPs for molecular-scale bioimaging remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of 800 and 980 nm excited UCNPs for thermal sensing under pulsed excitation.
  • To assess local heating effects associated with pulsed UCNP excitation at intensities relevant for single-particle imaging.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility of pulsed infrared excitation for UCNP bioimaging applications.

Main Methods:

  • UCNPs were excited using pulsed lasers at 800 and 980 nm.
  • Temperature sensing was performed ratiometrically, analyzing the intensity ratio of specific emission peaks (I525/I545).
  • Optical measurements quantified temperature dependence (ln(I525/I545) vs. 1/T).
  • Local heating was assessed in air and water.
  • DNA tightropes were exposed to pulsed infrared excitation to evaluate sample viability.

Main Results:

  • UCNPs demonstrated ratiometric temperature sensing with sensitivities of 1 × 10⁻⁴ K⁻¹ under both 800 and 980 nm pulsed excitation.
  • No significant local heating was observed in air or water at pulsed laser intensities suitable for single-particle imaging.
  • DNA tightropes showed no appreciable change in viability when exposed to pulsed 800 or 980 nm infrared excitation.
  • A clear ln(I525/I545) vs. 1/T dependence was observed for both excitation wavelengths.

Conclusions:

  • Pulsed 800 and 980 nm excitation is feasible for UCNP-based thermal sensing without inducing significant local heating.
  • UCNPs are suitable reporters for molecular-scale studies, including protein-DNA interactions, under pulsed infrared excitation.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of CW excitation, enabling advanced bioimaging applications at the single-molecule level.