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Pharmacogenomics, precision medicine, and implications for anesthesia care
Alan D Kaye1, Thomas Mahakian2, Aaron J Kaye3
1Department of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Room 656, 1542 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology
|October 17, 2018
Summary
Pharmacogenomic testing uses genetic differences to personalize drug therapy, improving patient outcomes. Despite its promise, this precision medicine approach is underutilized and lacks insurance coverage.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine
- Genetics and Drug Metabolism
Background:
- Pharmacogenomics studies how genetic variations (polymorphisms) affect drug response (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics).
- Advancements in identifying genetic polymorphisms offer potential for personalized drug therapy to meet unmet patient needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the current status of precision medicine in perioperative care.
- To highlight the benefits of preoperative genomic analysis for patient outcomes.
- To outline future directions in the evolving field of pharmacogenomics.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on pharmacogenomics and precision medicine in perioperative settings.
- Analysis of the impact of preoperative genomic analysis on patient outcomes.
- Exploration of challenges and future opportunities in genomic testing.
Main Results:
- Pharmacogenomic testing is underutilized in the United States.
- Insurance coverage for pharmacogenomic testing remains a significant barrier.
- Preoperative genomic analysis holds promise for improving patient outcomes in perioperative care.
Conclusions:
- Personalized drug therapy based on genetic composition is a key goal of pharmacogenomics.
- Increased utilization and insurance coverage are crucial for adopting pharmacogenomic testing.
- Further research and development are needed to advance precision medicine in perioperative care.
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