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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: August 28, 2018
Coronary artery calcification and ethnicity
Kashif Shaikh1, Rine Nakanishi2, Nicolas Kim1
1Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Ethnic differences in coronary artery calcification (CAC) prevalence persist, impacting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Understanding these variations is crucial for accurate ASCVD event prediction across diverse populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Risk factors alone do not fully explain atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevalence disparities across ethnicities.
- Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a key indicator of subclinical coronary artery disease.
- Existing research highlights significant racial and ethnic variations in CAC prevalence and severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review ethnic differences in coronary artery calcification (CAC).
- To analyze CAC variations among major racial and ethnic groups within the US and globally.
- To inform more accurate ASCVD risk prediction models.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a comprehensive literature review of studies on ethnic differences in CAC.
- Searched MEDLINE, Cochrane library, and BioMed Central databases.
- Synthesized data on CAC prevalence and severity across diverse populations.
Main Results:
- Confirmed significant racial and ethnic differences in CAC prevalence and severity.
- Reviewed data for White, Black, Hispanic, East Asian, and South Asian populations in the US.
- Included international data from Europe, Japan, and Korea.
Conclusions:
- Ethnic variations in CAC are evident and require consideration.
- Ethnic-specific CAC nomograms may improve ASCVD event prediction accuracy.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the relationship between CAC, ethnicity, and ASCVD risk.
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