Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026
11:06
3D Printing of Preclinical X-ray Computed Tomographic Data Sets
Published on: March 22, 2013
41.0K
Age and Gender Differences of the Frontal Bone: A Computed Tomographic (CT)-Based Study
Konstantin Frank1, Robert H Gotkin, Tatjana Pavicic
1Department of Hand, Plastic, and Aesthetic Surgery, Maximilian University Munich, Ludwig, Germany.
Aesthetic Surgery Journal
|October 17, 2018
Summary
Forehead size decreases in males with age, becoming similar to females in old age. Frontal bone thickness changes with age, decreasing in the upper male forehead but not significantly in females.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Anthropology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Age-related frontal bone changes are understudied.
- Understanding these changes is vital for effective forehead treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate age-related and gender-related changes in the forehead.
- Analyze frontal bone thickness and forehead dimensions across different age groups and genders.
Main Methods:
- Cranial computed tomographic images from 157 Caucasian individuals (20-98 years old) were analyzed.
- Measurements included frontal bone thickness and forehead distance.
- Data were analyzed for age and gender differences.
Main Results:
- Male forehead size decreases with age, becoming similar to female foreheads in older age groups.
- Lower frontal bone thickness slightly increased with age in both genders.
- Upper frontal bone thickness significantly decreased in males but not in females with age.
Conclusions:
- Frontal bone shape varies by gender and changes with age due to bone remodeling.
- Understanding these bony changes aids in selecting optimal surgical and nonsurgical forehead treatment strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:14Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI
883
Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
883
01:28Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT
366
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
366
01:27Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography
368
DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
368
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
327
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
327
01:25Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT
486
Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
486
01:26Aging
703
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
703