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Related Concept Videos

Eccentric Loading01:16

Eccentric Loading

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Eccentric loading is a crucial concept in the study of structural engineering and mechanics, particularly when analyzing the stability and stress distribution in columns. Unlike centric loading, where the force is applied along the centroidal axis, causing uniform compression, eccentric loading occurs when a force is applied off-center. This off-center application introduces not only direct compressive stress but also bending stress, significantly influencing the column's behavior under...
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Eccentricity of an Ellipse01:27

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An ellipse is a fundamental conic section defined by the constant sum of distances from any point on its curve to two fixed points, known as the foci. This geometric property can be physically demonstrated using a pencil, string, and two pins. By anchoring the string at both ends and maintaining it taut with a pencil, one can trace the outline of an ellipse.The shape and extent of the ellipse are determined by its eccentricity, e, defined as the ratio of the distance between the center and a...
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General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
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Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
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Designing columns to withstand eccentric loads is a critical aspect of structural engineering, ensuring structures can support off-center loads without failure. This design process must account for the additional normal stresses introduced by eccentric loading, which can significantly influence a column's stress distribution and overall stability. An eccentric load applied to a column induces normal stresses that can be conceptualized as a combination of stresses due to an equivalent...
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Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
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Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography
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Quantification of Eccentric Fixation Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Yuki Nakamoto1, Ryota Takada1, Minatsu Tanaka1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University Sakai Hospital, Sakai, Japan.

Ophthalmic Research
|October 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) accurately quantifies eccentric fixation in amblyopic patients. This method offers superior detection and measurement compared to traditional fixation ophthalmoscopes, without requiring pupil dilation.

Keywords:
AmblyopiaEccentric fixationFixation ophthalmoscopeOptical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Eccentric fixation is a common visual impairment in amblyopia.
  • Accurate quantification of eccentric fixation is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Traditional methods for assessing fixation may have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for quantifying eccentric fixation in amblyopic patients.
  • To compare the efficacy of OCT with a standard fixation ophthalmoscope.

Main Methods:

  • Spectral-domain OCT and a fixation ophthalmoscope were used to assess fixation.
  • Measurements involved determining the distance between the fovea and the fixation point.
  • The study included 14 amblyopic patients and 10 healthy volunteers.

Main Results:

  • OCT successfully detected eccentric fixation in all amblyopic eyes.
  • The mean fixation distance was significantly greater in amblyopic eyes (193.8 ± 188.3 μm) compared to fellow eyes (83.5 ± 39.3 μm).
  • A fixation ophthalmoscope failed to quantify fixation in 2 out of 14 affected eyes.

Conclusions:

  • OCT is a superior method for both detecting and quantifying eccentric fixation in amblyopia.
  • OCT offers advantages over fixation ophthalmoscopes, including the elimination of the need for mydriasis.
  • This technique enhances the assessment of visual function in amblyopic individuals.