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Bone Structure01:55

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
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Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

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Bone Healing in Rabbit Calvaria Defects Using a Synthetic Bone Substitute: A Histological and Micro-CT Comparative

Minas Leventis1, Peter Fairbairn2, Chas Mangham3

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N. S. Christeas, Medical School, University of Athens, 75 M. Assias Street, Athens 115 27, Greece. mlevent@dent.uoa.gr.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium sulfate (CS) bone graft materials demonstrated effective bone regeneration in rabbit calvariae defects. This novel alloplastic material showed comparable results to bovine xenografts, promoting healing and graft resorption.

Keywords:
animal studybone regenerationbone substitutescalcium sulfateβ-tricalcium phosphate

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Assessment of Bone Fracture Healing Using Micro-Computed Tomography
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bioactive alloplastic materials like beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium sulfate (CS) are utilized in bone regeneration.
  • These materials are employed in orthopedic and dental applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of a novel β-TCP/CS composite (EthOss) against a bovine xenograft and spontaneous healing.
  • To evaluate bone regeneration and graft resorption in standardized cranial defects.

Main Methods:

  • Standardized 8 mm bicortical bone defects were created in rabbit calvariae.
  • Defects were treated with β-TCP/CS, bovine xenograft, or left empty for spontaneous healing.
  • Bone tissue was analyzed after eight weeks using histology and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Main Results:

  • Defects treated with β-TCP/CS exhibited the highest bone regeneration and graft resorption, though not statistically significant.
  • Spontaneous healing resulted in lower trabecular number and higher trabecular separation compared to treated sites.
  • Bovine xenograft treatment led to higher trabecular thickness than β-TCP/CS or spontaneous healing.

Conclusions:

  • The novel β-TCP/CS grafting material functions effectively as a bioactive and biomimetic alloplastic bone substitute.
  • This material shows promise for bone regenerative procedures in cranial defects.
  • Results suggest potential for β-TCP/CS in orthopedic and dental bone repair.