Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Brainstem01:19

Brainstem

6.5K
The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
6.5K
Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla01:21

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla

4.3K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
4.3K
Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

45.1K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
45.1K
Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

37.6K
There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
37.6K
Standard Enthalpy of Formation02:37

Standard Enthalpy of Formation

49.2K
Enthalpy changes are typically tabulated for reactions in which both the reactants and products are at the same conditions. A standard state is a commonly accepted set of conditions used as a reference point for the determination of properties under other different conditions. For chemists, the IUPAC standard state refers to materials under a pressure of 1 bar and solutions at 1 M and does not specify a temperature. Many thermochemical tables list values with a standard state of 1 atm. Because...
49.2K
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

26.1K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
26.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Polycomb chromatin topology enables long-range enhancer recruitment during craniofacial development.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of an Ammonium-Terminated Superchaotropic Boron Cluster: Effects on the Transmembrane Delivery of Neutral and Charged Cargos.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Comparing Trigeminal Nerve Branches in Lampreys and Gnathostomes Reveals Evolutionary Changes in Vertebrate Oral Nerve Innervation.

The Journal of comparative neurology·2026
Same author

Hydroxylated iodinated boron clusters: a tunable platform for enhanced membrane transport and biocompatibility.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

Primary Cell Cultures in Neurobiology: Optimized Protocol for Culture of Mouse Fetal Hindbrain Neurons.

Cells·2025
Same author

Chromatin regulation of neuronal activity-dependent gene programs in circuit formation and plasticity.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Hippocampal Neurons from Prenatal Mice
10:27

Isolation and Culture of Hippocampal Neurons from Prenatal Mice

Published on: July 26, 2012

72.3K

Barrelette map formation in the prenatal mouse brainstem.

Taro Kitazawa1, Filippo M Rijli2

  • 1Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|October 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This review explores how rodent whisker patterns map to brainstem barrelettes during prenatal development. It examines intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that establish this crucial topographical equivalence for sensory processing.

More Related Videos

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem
10:14

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

Published on: June 9, 2017

9.0K
Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart
08:13

Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart

Published on: September 13, 2011

28.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Hippocampal Neurons from Prenatal Mice
10:27

Isolation and Culture of Hippocampal Neurons from Prenatal Mice

Published on: July 26, 2012

72.3K
In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem
10:14

In Ovo Electroporation in the Chicken Auditory Brainstem

Published on: June 9, 2017

9.0K
Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart
08:13

Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart

Published on: September 13, 2011

28.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Sensory Systems

Background:

  • Rodent whiskers form topographic maps in brainstem sensory nuclei called barrelettes.
  • The precise mechanisms for mapping whisker patterns to brainstem barrelettes during prenatal development are not fully understood.
  • This brainstem map serves as a template for subsequent thalamic and cortical sensory maps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent insights into the mechanisms establishing topographical equivalence between facial whiskers and brainstem barrelette patterns.
  • To understand the relative importance of intrinsic and extrinsic patterning factors during prenatal development.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of existing research.
  • It synthesizes findings on intrinsic and extrinsic patterning mechanisms.
  • Focuses on prenatal developmental processes in rodents.

Main Results:

  • Recent research has advanced the understanding of how whisker patterns are mapped in the brainstem.
  • Both intrinsic cellular properties and extrinsic environmental cues play roles in establishing the whisker-to-barrelette map.
  • The relative contributions of these mechanisms are being elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • Topographical equivalence between facial whiskers and brainstem barrelettes is established through a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic patterning mechanisms during prenatal development.
  • Further research is needed to fully delineate the interplay and precise contributions of these mechanisms.