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Curtailing parturition observation and performing preparturient cesarean section in bitches
K G M De Cramer1, J O Nöthling1
1Department of Production Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Theriogenology
|October 22, 2018
Summary
Scheduled preparturient cesarean sections (CS) in bitches are safe, resulting in 99% puppy survival. This planned CS shortens gestation by 4-52 hours and shows higher progesterone levels compared to parturient CS.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Reproductive Biology
- Canine Health
Background:
- Elective cesarean sections (CS) in bitches are generally safe and justified for specific breeds.
- Scheduled preparturient CS in subpopulations requiring CS appears warranted.
- The first day of cytological diestrus (D0) is used for parturition date prediction.
Purpose of the Study:
- Compare neonatal mortality between preparturient and parturient CS.
- Assess gestation shortening by preparturient CS (D57, closed cervix).
- Compare progesterone levels and hematocrit changes in both CS types.
Main Methods:
- 99 canine gestations with known D0 and planned preparturient CS were analyzed.
- CS timing (scheduled, early due to dilation, or early due to impending parturition) was recorded.
- Neonatal survival, Apgar scores, gestation length, progesterone, and hematocrit were evaluated.
Main Results:
- High neonatal survival (99% alive, 98.8% at 2h) and good Apgar scores were observed post-preparturient CS.
- Preparturient CS shortened gestation by 4-52 hours.
- Progesterone levels were significantly higher during preparturient CS compared to parturient CS.
Conclusions:
- Preparturient CS in bitches demonstrates high neonatal survival and safety.
- Further research is needed to confirm long-term puppy survival and identify bitches at risk of premature parturition.
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