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Early childhood health and morbidity, including respiratory function in late preterm and early term births

Trishula Muganthan1, Elaine M Boyle2

  • 1Neonatal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
|October 24, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Late preterm (LP) and early term (ET) births are linked to increased long-term health risks, particularly respiratory issues. These risks persist into adolescence, necessitating further research and healthcare considerations.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal and developmental pediatrics
  • Public health and epidemiology

Background:

  • Historically, late preterm (LP) and early term (ET) infants were considered similar to full-term infants.
  • Recent research indicates increased risks for later health problems in infants born LP, with emerging evidence for ET births.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on the long-term health effects of LP birth on pulmonary function and morbidity.
  • To explore other identified health risks associated with LP birth.
  • To consider healthcare implications and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on health outcomes in LP and ET infants.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on respiratory morbidity and pulmonary function.
  • Identification of other reported health issues in this population.

Main Results:

  • Consistent reports show an increased risk of adverse health outcomes following LP birth, diminishing closer to full term but remaining measurable.
  • Respiratory morbidity is the most studied area, with evidence of impaired pulmonary function and ongoing issues.
  • Increased risks are observed into adolescence and beyond.

Conclusions:

  • LP birth is associated with significant, persistent health risks, particularly respiratory morbidity.
  • Evidence for ET birth outcomes is still developing but suggests a similar, albeit lesser, risk profile.
  • Healthcare providers and researchers must acknowledge and address these risks.

Keywords:
Early term birthHealth outcomesLate preterm birthRespiratory morbidity

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