Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

1.9K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.9K
Cancer02:18

Cancer

54.3K
Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
54.3K
What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

14.4K
Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
14.4K
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

8.1K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
8.1K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

10.2K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
10.2K
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

1.1K
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The antibiotic-immunotherapy interaction in NSCLC: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 54,250 patients across three outcomes.

Cancer treatment reviews·2026
Same author

Long-term immune response to mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with cancer.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Reinvigorating the Cancer-Immunity Cycle by Intratumoral Administration of Conventional Dendritic Cells in Melanoma and Other Solid Tumors: A Narrative Review.

Vaccines·2026
Same author

Does Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Correlate with Increased Sensitivity to Cisplatin? A Case Report and a Narrative Literature Review.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

The prognostic impact of pregnancy-associated melanoma on overall and melanoma-specific survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology·2026
Same author

Aspirin in Colorectal Cancer Care: Who to Treat, When, and Why.

Current oncology reports·2026
Same journal

A systematic scoping review of cancer-related anemia treatment: Comparative trial outcomes, current guidelines, and future perspectives.

Seminars in oncology·2026
Same journal

Steroid-induced tumor lysis syndrome in solid tumors: A case report and review of the literature.

Seminars in oncology·2026
Same journal

PSMA PET/CT staging in intermediate-risk prostate cancer: Toward risk-adapted implementation.

Seminars in oncology·2026
Same journal

Angiogenesis and the corresponding antiangiogenic therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Seminars in oncology·2026
Same journal

Post-translational regulation of steroidogenesis and its clinical relevance in hormone responsive cancers.

Seminars in oncology·2026
Same journal

Physics-informed machine learning for tumor microenvironment-responsive nanomedicine: Recent updates.

Seminars in oncology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

11.9K

Cancer immunotherapy-associated hypophysitis.

Cinzia Solinas1, Michele Porcu2, Pushpamali De Silva3

  • 1Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Brussels, Belgium; Deparment of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Hospital of Aosta, Italy.

Seminars in Oncology
|October 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune-related hypophysitis, a non-reversible side effect of immune checkpoint blockade, requires early diagnosis and management. This endocrine adverse event can impact cancer treatment and necessitates long-term care.

Keywords:
cancer immunotherapyhypophysitisimmune related side effectmagnetic resonance

More Related Videos

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

15.1K
Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy
06:51

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

16.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
10:38

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

11.9K
Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

15.1K
Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy
06:51

Manufacturing Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

Published on: December 17, 2019

16.0K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is increasingly used for cancer treatment.
  • Endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from ICB are a growing concern due to their potential non-reversibility.
  • Immune-related hypophysitis is a significant endocrine irAE associated with ICB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the characteristics and diagnostic challenges of immune-related hypophysitis.
  • To discuss the incidence and management of hypophysitis in patients receiving ICB.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management for this irAE.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations, diagnostic imaging (MRI), and laboratory findings in hypophysitis.
  • Analysis of hypophysitis incidence based on different ICB agents (anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1).
  • Discussion of management strategies including ICB discontinuation, corticosteroids, and hormone replacement.

Main Results:

  • Immune-related hypophysitis can be asymptomatic or present with diverse symptoms like headache or visual disturbances.
  • Incidence varies with ICB agents: most common with anti-CTLA-4, followed by combination therapy, and infrequent with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 alone.
  • Diagnosis requires differentiating from other pituitary conditions; imaging is crucial to rule out neoplastic lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Immune-related hypophysitis is a potentially irreversible endocrine complication of ICB.
  • Early diagnosis and prompt management, including corticosteroids and hormone replacement, are critical.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal patient care and management of this long-term side effect.