Established and Emerging Roles of Biomarkers in Heart Failure

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Biomarker Research
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Heart failure (HF) presents a significant global health challenge, impacting cost, morbidity, and mortality.
• Natriuretic peptides are established biomarkers integral to current HF clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, prognosis, and management.
• Understanding HF's complex pathophysiology necessitates exploring novel biomarkers beyond traditional testing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of natriuretic peptides in heart failure management.
• To explore novel biomarkers that can enhance the understanding and personalized treatment of HF.
• To categorize biomarkers based on underlying pathophysiologic pathways in HF.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on natriuretic peptides and emerging biomarkers in heart failure.
• Categorization of novel biomarkers according to major pathophysiologic pathways.
• Discussion of future directions in biomarker-guided HF care.

Main Results:

• Natriuretic peptides are crucial for HF diagnosis, prognosis, and management.
• Novel biomarkers show promise in improving HF phenotyping and personalizing care.
• Multimarker testing panels are anticipated to enhance future HF management strategies.

Conclusions:

• Biomarker testing is evolving beyond natriuretic peptides for improved HF care.
• Precision medicine approaches utilizing multimarker panels will likely personalize HF treatment.
• Proteomics and metabolomics hold potential for further advancements in HF biomarker discovery and application.