Dynamical Control of Order in a Cavity-BEC System.

Area of Science:

• Quantum optics
• Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
• Condensed matter physics

Background:

• Superradiance is a quantum phenomenon where emitters couple coherently to a cavity mode.
• Cavity Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) offer a platform to study quantum phase transitions and emergent orders.
• Controlling quantum states and transitions is crucial for developing new quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the dynamical control of the superradiant transition in a cavity-BEC system.
• To explore the emergence of different orders under periodic driving.
• To identify the possibility of stabilizing novel nonequilibrium states.

Main Methods:

• Utilized periodic driving of the pump laser to modulate the cavity-BEC system.
• Analyzed the system's response to varying driving strengths and frequencies.
• Characterized the emergent density wave orders and phase transitions through theoretical modeling and simulation.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated suppression of the dominant density wave order in the superradiant state.
• Observed the emergence of the subdominant Bose-Einstein condensation order in the steady state.
• Showcased the stabilization of additional, nonequilibrium density wave orders not present in equilibrium.
• Identified the onset of chaotic dynamics for strong driving parameters.

Conclusions:

• Periodic driving provides a powerful tool for dynamical control over quantum phase transitions in cavity-BEC systems.
• Nonequilibrium conditions can lead to the stabilization of exotic orders beyond equilibrium predictions.
• The study opens avenues for exploring complex quantum dynamics and novel states of matter.