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Hepatic hydatid cyst - diagnose and treatment algorithm.

Cristian Botezatu1,2, Bogdan Mastalier1,2, Traian Patrascu2,3

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|October 27, 2018
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This summary is machine-generated.

Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus larvae, often affects the liver. While surgery is standard, minimally invasive treatments for hepatic hydatid cysts are increasingly effective and preferred.

Keywords:
liver hydatid cystminimally invasive methodssurgical treatment

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus larvae, is a global health concern, particularly in endemic regions.
  • Hepatic hydatid cysts are the most common presentation (75%), often asymptomatic and incidentally discovered via imaging.
  • Treatment strategies are multimodal, encompassing medical, surgical, and minimally invasive approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze clinical, paraclinical, and treatment data of patients with hepatic hydatid cysts.
  • To compare study findings with existing literature and identify potential discrepancies.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of different therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 88 patients diagnosed with hepatic hydatid cyst between January 2014 and July 2017.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory tests (liver function, E. granulosus serology), imaging results, treatment type, and post-treatment progress.
  • A database was compiled to organize and analyze collected parameters.

Main Results:

  • Patient demographics and clinical presentations were recorded, noting heterogeneity and unspecific symptoms.
  • Eosinophilia, a potential indicator, was present in less than half of the patients.
  • Imaging modalities were crucial for diagnosis, while surgical treatment remained the primary approach, with minimally invasive techniques showing promise.

Conclusions:

  • Hepatic hydatid cysts present a heterogeneous group with subtle and non-specific clinical signs.
  • Diagnostic reliance is placed on imaging, as laboratory tests like eosinophilia have limited sensitivity.
  • Surgical intervention is the established standard, but minimally invasive methods offer advantages in applicability, complication rates, and hospital resource utilization.