Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects
Published on: May 4, 2021
Heart-Lung interaction in spontaneous breathing subjects: the basics
1Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract:
Heart-lung interactions occur primarily because of two components of lung inflation, changes in pleural pressure and changes in transpulmonary pressure. Of these, changes in pleural pressure dominate during spontaneous breathing. Because the heart is surrounded by pleural pressure, during inspiration the environment of the heart falls relative to the rest of the body. This alters inflow into the right heart and outflow from the left heart. Alterations in transpulmonary pressure can alter the outflow from the right heart and the inflow to the left heart. These interactions are modified by the cardiac and respiratory frequency, ventricular function and magnitude of the respiratory efforts.
Related Concept Videos
Breathing
Spontaneity
Lung Capacity
Energy Basics
Basicity of Aliphatic Amines
To measure the basicity of amines, two conventions are generally used. The first defines Kb as the basicity constant for the deprotonation reaction of water by the amine, as presented in Figure 1. Conventionally, lower Kb indicates higher...
Basic Operations on Signals
Time Reversal mirrors a continuous-time signal about the vertical axis at t=0. This is achieved by substituting t with −t. For example, if a signal x(t) is considered, the time-reversed signal is x(−t). This operation can be graphically represented, showing the mirrored signal.

