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Prenatal particulate matter affects new asthma via airway hyperresponsiveness in schoolchildren

Song-I Yang1, So-Yeon Lee2, Hyo-Bin Kim3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.

Allergy
|October 30, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Prenatal exposure to particulate matter (PM10) during the second trimester significantly increases the risk of new asthma diagnoses in children with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). This highlights critical prenatal windows for childhood asthma development.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The critical timing of particulate matter (PM10) exposure influencing childhood asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) remains unclear.
  • Understanding these exposure windows is crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies for childhood asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most critical exposure periods of PM10 affecting AHR and new asthma diagnoses in school-aged children.
  • To investigate the association between prenatal and early-life PM10 exposure and the development of asthma.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide prospective 4-year follow-up study of 3570 elementary schoolchildren in Korea (2005-2006).
  • Individual annual PM10 exposure was estimated from prenatal period to 7 years of age using ordinary kriging.
  • Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) at age 7 was defined by methacholine PC20 ≤8 mg/mL.

Main Results:

  • PM10 exposure during pregnancy and at 1 year of age significantly impacted AHR.
  • Prenatal PM10 exposure was linked to an increased risk of new asthma diagnoses, particularly in children with AHR at age 7.
  • Exposure during the second trimester of pregnancy showed the highest risk for new asthma diagnoses in children with AHR at age 7.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal PM10 exposure, specifically during the second trimester, is associated with a higher risk of new asthma diagnoses in school-aged children with AHR.
  • This suggests that specific in utero exposure periods to PM10 may influence childhood asthma onset through AHR.
Abstract

Keywords:
Particulate matterairway hyperresponsivenessasthmachildrenprenatal

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