Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Preparation of Virus-Enriched Inoculum for Oral Infection of Honey Bees Apis mellifera
Published on: August 26, 2020
Moku virus detection in honey bees, Belgium, 2018
Mutien Garigliany1, Noëmie El Agrebi1, Mathieu Franssen1
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, Liège, Belgium.
Abstract:
We report the detection of Moku virus in honey bees (Apis mellifera) collected in 2017 from hives with a history of attacks by invasive Asian hornets (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) in Belgium. End 2016, Moku virus was reported in Asian hornets from the same area. In addition, the Moku virus was already present in historical samples of bees collected in 2013, that is, 2 years after the official first detection of Asian hornets in the same area of Belgium. This study suggests a spread of Moku virus to honey bees with possible consequences.
Related Concept Videos
What are Viruses?
Introduction to Virus
Viruses of Archaea
Viruses with RNA Genomes
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

