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Movement Modifications Related to Psychological Pressure in a Table Tennis Forehand Task.

Hiroshi Sekiya1, Yoshifumi Tanaka2

  • 11 Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|November 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Under psychological pressure, table tennis players reduced movement speed and distance during forehand strokes. This risk-averse strategy led to decreased ball speed and accuracy, impacting overall performance.

Keywords:
choking under pressurekinematicskineticsstrategytable tennis

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Motor Control
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Choking under pressure is often studied in closed-skill sports.
  • Dynamic skills, like table tennis, involve complex movements influenced by pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how psychological pressure affects kinematic and kinetic variables in a dynamic table tennis task.
  • To understand the movement strategies adopted under pressure and their impact on performance.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty novice table tennis players performed forehand shots under practice, no-pressure, and pressure conditions.
  • Kinematic variables (racket/ball movement) and kinetic variables (grip force) were measured.
  • Psychological pressure was induced through monetary rewards and score cancellation; state anxiety and heart rate were monitored.

Main Results:

  • Pressure significantly increased state anxiety and heart rate.
  • Movement analysis revealed reduced backswing/forward swing length and decreased forward swing/ball speed.
  • Ball-racket contact point shifted forward, and performance declined with leftward ball-landing shifts.
  • Grip force remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Under pressure, players adopted a risk-averse strategy characterized by reduced movement displacement and speed.
  • These movement modifications led to a performance decrement in the table tennis forehand task.
  • Dynamic skills are susceptible to choking under pressure, affecting motor execution.